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Oceanic whitetip shark
The Oceanic whitetip shark (''Carcharhinus longimanus''), also known as Brown Milbert's sand bar shark, Brown shark, Nigano shark, Oceanic white-tipped whaler, and Silvertip shark, is a large pelagic requiem shark inhabiting tropical and warm temperate seas. Its stocky body is most notable for its long, white-tipped, rounded fins.
This aggressive but slow-moving fish dominates feeding frenzies, and is a danger to shipwreck or air crash survivors.〔Bass, A.J., J.D. D'Aubrey & N. Kistnasamy (1973). ("Sharks of the east coast of southern Africa. 1. The genus ''Carcharhinus'' (Carcharhinidae)." ) Invest. Rep. Oceanogr. Res. Inst., Durban, no. 33.〕 Recent studies show steeply declining populations because its large fins are highly valued as the chief ingredient of shark fin soup and, as with other shark species, the whitetip faces mounting fishing pressure throughout its range.
==Taxonomy==
The oceanic whitetip shark, or lesser white shark was described in 1831 by naturalist René-Primevère Lesson, who named the shark ''Carcharhinus maou''. It was next described by Cuban Felipe Poey in 1861 as ''Squalus longimanus''.〔 The name ''Pterolamiops longimanus'' has also been used. The species epithet ''ラテン語:longimanus'' refers to the size of its pectoral fins (''ラテン語:longimanus'' translates from Latin as "long hands"). The oceanic whitetip shark has many common names in English: ''Brown Milbert's sand bar shark'', ''brown shark'', ''nigano shark'', ''whitetip whaler'', and ''whitetip shark''.〔
The rules of the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature are that in general the first-published description has priority; therefore the valid scientific name for the oceanic whitetip shark should be ''Carcharhinus maou''. However, Lesson's name remained forgotten for so long that ''Carcharhinus longimanus'' remains widely accepted.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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